A Note on Type of Gunas


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According to Indian culture, there are three types of Gunas or personality traits: Sattva, Rajas and Tamas. One of these gunas always predominates in us.

Sattva qualities or traits are related to serenity, bliss, purity, spiritualism and wisdom; whereas Rajas qualities or traits are linked to aggression, egoism, selfishness, emotion etc. Tarnas is related to sloth, confusion, ignorance, fear, greediness, anxiety, anger, impulsiveness and inaction.

For any individual, out of these three gunas, one predominates or becomes primary and the other two become secondary in order. Depending on the predominating guna we see around us Satwik personality. Rajasik personalities or Tamasik personalities Satwik individuals are balanced people having true wisdom. They are more inclined to Satwa gunas i.e., they are serene, calm, poised and balanced. They are ever ready to provide self-less service enthusiastically and are ever interested to maintain balance and harmony in society at large. They do not suffer from ego-problem. They have realized Ayam Atma Brahma i.e. this self is Brahman. Anando’ham Anando’ham i.e. ‘I am ananda, I am bliss’. Sattwik or wisdom-oriented employees work for the sake of work itself. Work is worship for them. They are not ego-driven unlike ‘rajasik’ personalities. They work being totally focused and set a benchmark for others.

Again there is Rajasik personalities who are predominated by Rajas guna. They are more inclined towards aggressiveness, self-centredness. They are always interested to attain something new for their own sake and are egoist. If employees are having `rajasik’ personalities, they are going to became ‘dynamic’, sometimes may be directionless. They put too much of efforts, but their productivity level is not that high. They work for the sake of name and force. They do the work and hanker for rewards, have many desires. When tanias guna predominates in individuals they become Tamasik personalities. These people are ignorant, confused, sloth, inactive, becomes angry easily, greedy and takes action based on impulse. Employees who are more oriented to tamas-guna’ cannot think clearly. They are lazy, sloth and inefficient. They need to be directed. They work due to fear of punishment. They are full of negative traits, as they do not know the reality about themselves. Based on these traits or gunas, Varna system was developed in India. The whole society was developed into four classes or Varna. The guna mentioned first is the primary or main one and others are secondary.


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